What MRF operators need to know about ANSI Z245

The recycling and waste industry is evolving rapidly, and so are the safety standards that govern operations and equipment. The ANSI Z245 standard — with the latest update applying specifically to MRFs — is set to be finalized in January, and municipal solid waste and recycling operators need to understand the upcoming changes.

ANSI Z245 has evolved over time with updates to individual sections, but the upcoming version will be the first time the standard is issued as a complete, unified document. After that, every MRF in the U.S. will be required to comply with all clauses within the 18-month compliance window.

What is ANSI Z245?

ANSI Z245 is a set of safety standards specifically designed for recycling operations and waste management facilities. The standards are developed by the ANSI Accredited Standards Committee, which represents manufacturers, operators, safety professionals, and other industry stakeholders. 

Unlike general OSHA regulations, this standard focuses on the unique hazards of the industry, from mobile equipment and sortation systems to chemical recycling and new technologies like collaborative robots and mobile control devices.

Some key components include:

• Mobile collection and compaction (ANSI Z245.1): Safety rules for collection and recycling trucks, smaller collection vehicles, and equipment that lifts carts or containers.
• Baling equipment (ANSI Z245.5): Guidelines to keep operators safe when using, maintaining, or installing balers.
• Waste containers (ANSI Z245.3): Rules for safe container use, labeling, and compatibility with lifting machines.
• Stationary compactors (ANSI Z245.2, Z245.21): Safety requirements for building and operating fixed compactors.
• Transfer stations (ANSI Z245.42): Standards to protect workers and organize safe operations at waste transfer facilities.

Key changes in the updated standard

The last decade has brought significant updates to ANSI Z245:

Mobile control devices: Tablets and iPads used to operate equipment remotely within a facility must have emergency stops and proper safety measures. Operators are required to perform risk assessments to ensure these systems are safe.

Robotic equipment: The standards now distinguish between collaborative and non-collaborative robots. Non-collaborative robots must have guarding, controlled access, and emergency stop systems. Facilities must conduct risk assessments to make sure robots can be safely stopped during maintenance.

Specialized work areas: Activities such as manual sorting on tipping floors or cleaning bales need clearly defined work zones, protective barriers, and proper supervision to protect workers.

Chemical recycling: The standards cover only the sortation parts of chemical recycling operations, ensuring safety where the rules are applicable.

Timeline for implementation

The ANSI Z245 standard is expected to be finalized in January, with public comments accepted for 45-60 days. Full compliance is required 18 months after the effective date, giving facilities time to adjust to new requirements. After that, all MRFs will be required to comply with all clauses.